Which reasoning error is exemplified when a survey is biased towards a specific group?

When a survey is biased towards a specific group, it exemplifies the reasoning error known as "selected instances." This occurs when conclusions are drawn from a non-representative subset of data. In the context of a survey, if the sample population is not representative of the entire population being studied, the results can become skewed and mislead interpretations or findings. This is particularly relevant as it emphasizes the importance of ensuring that survey samples encompass a wide range of demographics to accurately reflect the opinions or behaviors of the broader group.

Other reasoning errors, such as composition, post hoc, and concurrency, focus on different logical fallacies that do not specifically address issues of sampling bias in surveys. Recognizing how selected instances can lead to faulty conclusions is crucial for effective analysis in research and data interpretation.